
Duke Ladislaus of Opole brought Paulities monks from Hungary to Czestochowa, which was to become one of the most known religious and cultural centres in Poland.
On 31st August 1384 Duke Ladislaus of Opole gave a picture of Our Lady to monks in Jasna Gora. This beautiful painting was brought from Belz (Ukraine).
After death of the Duke Ladislaus of Opole, King Ladislaus Jegiello and his wife Queen Jadwiga became protectors of Jasna Gora (Duke Ladislaus of Opole was Jagiello's godfather and Jagiello was named after him).
In that time old wooden buildings of the monastery and the church were replaced with the bricken ones.
The Jasna Gora monastery received many remissions from the Pope Martin V and archbishops of Gniezno.
In 1430 Jasna Gora was attacked. Robbers stole the picture of the Holy Mother and slashed it by the sword making two scars on the face of Marry.
Stick up in 1430 y.(image of XVII c.)
For the second time the monastery was attacked in 1466. Then invaders departured after getting a valuable ransom.
During the 30 Years War monks living in Jasna Gora monastery decided to modify defence line on the border with Silesia.
The Monastery needed reinforcement because it was situated near the border and there were a lot of desecration signs in many places of cult.
It is said that the work on building defences was first encouraged by King Sigismound III who sent his court architect to Jasna Gora. The next stage in fortification work was carried out for many years. In 1652 King and Seym (parliament) decided that Jasna Gora needs its own troops of soldiers.
In the same time a chancellor Jerzy Ossolinski found a new altar where painting of Our Lady was installed.
In 1655 Jasna Gora successfuly held out against a siege by Swedish mercanery troops. The defence of the monastery from which the monks had providently removed the picture of Our Lady was directed by the Prior Augustyn Kordecki who was born in Iwanowice near Kalisz.
Augustyn Kordecki refused to let a Swedish force enter the monastery. This relentless attitude and deep trust in protection of Our Lady provoked armed opposition among the population.
Defence of Jasna Gora in 1655 y.(image of XVII c.)
After the "Swedish Deluge" new fortifications were due owing to the generosity of Polish Kings. Since the XVc all of the Polish Kings (except last one - Stanislaw August Poniatowski) have visited the monastery of Jasna Gora.
But not only kings and queens visited Jasna Gora, here also came people from different social classes and different nations. Until XVII century there were constant and regular walking pilgrimage. From 1711 is organised annually a walking pilgrimage from Warszawa.
The next defence of Jasna Gora was during konfederacja barska (people fighting against the King). Then Kazimierz Pułaski with 1300 people in his troops defended Jasna Gora from 4000 Drewitz soldiers.
Barscy Confederates defencing Jasna Gora in 1771 y.
After losing the independence caused by zabory(military atack) Czestochowa became the part of Prussia and after 1815 it become a part of Russian Empire. During this historical time Jasna Gora have become spiritual centre of Poland. It was visited by Poles From all zabory. After the regain of independence it was even more popular religious sanctuary. It have been visited by many pilgrims, presidents, primates, bishops, writers and artists.
During the hiterite occupancy Jasna Gora was saved, probably becauce of the propagandist matters. But the pilgrimages were stopped and only a few Poles were coming to visit the Queen of Poland.
After the war the sanctuary revived. Great worths had in this matter Priest Primate Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, who started the moral reborn of the Polish people - The time of Wielka Nowenna(Great Novenna) - under the care of Jasna Gora Mother. In 1956 the all Poles were pligh to God, according to such a event by Jan Kazimierz, in this celebration people obligated to put fiath in God in every part of their lives. In 1966 there were held the celebrations millennium of the Christianity in Poland, on which the Pope, Paul IV would have come. Unfortuanlely the then autorities didn't allowed The Pope to come to Poland.
St. Wyszyński and K. Wojtyła. cardinals
Millenium cellebration 3.05.1966 y.
In 1979 during his first visit to Poland, John Paul II came to Jasna Gora, after it, during his every visit to Poland he visited this sanctuary.
Agnieszka Nita
the unsigned photos were guaranted
by the Jasna Gora Press Office